Category: 2017 Daily Highlights 2

Rwanda has long been at the forefront of government-led digital transformation – and not just in Africa. Following its dream of transforming the country into a knowledge-based economy by 2020, Rwanda has worked hard to create an enabling policy and regulatory environment, develop infrastructure and smart services, support a flourishing digital entrepreneurship ecosystem, and build human capacity.

Rwanda’s National Pavilion provides an excellent opportunity to discuss initiatives in all these areas, including “Irembo”, a digital government platform set to feature some 100 operational services by the end of the year. It enables citizens to access and pay for government services effectively, simply and at reduced cost – but in its first two years, it has exposed the need to continue work on developing citizens’ digital skills.

Enter the new Digital Talent Policy, aimed at strengthening ICT training and qualifications in Rwanda to increase digital literacy and bridge the existing skills gap. All levels of society in Rwanda should be able to access digital training, both as part of everyday activities and at the heart of the national education curriculum.  Building up a critical mass of 10 000 ICT experts will transform the country into a producer and exporter of ICTs both in the region, and globally.

The ultimate goal is digital literacy for all, with the internet as a basic utility and full digitalized citizens and government by 2050. The National Pavilion here at ITU Telecom World 2017 also showcases one of the future stars of that digital nation: Leah Akingeneye, Ms. Geek 2017.

Ms. Geek Rwanda is a competition designed and organized by Girls in ICT Rwanda to inspire girls to use technology, innovation and critical thinking to solve problems in the country, and to consider careers in STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths). Leah’s winning solution is the Bus System Simulator, a web and mobile-based solution using real-time data to improve public transport in the capital, Kigali. The app lets commuters locate the nearest bus stop and buses, destinations and available space, enabling transport operators to track trips and plan better.

Smart digital transformation is truly underway in Rwanda!

A diverse panel from financial institutions, venture capitalists, academia and start-ups considered key questions around AI and financial services, in a session moderated by IBM’s Neil Sahota.

For Stephen Ibaraki, Founding Chair, Global Industry Council & Vice-chair, IP3 Board, International Federation for Information Processing, Canada, AI offers great potential for the streamlining of labour- intensive procedures, such as regulatory compliance scrutinizing or mortgage applications. Procedures that previously took days now take a mere 5 minutes. “Ai is everywhere, embedded, it is a reality of life,” he told delegates.

It’s not just customer facing activities which AI can help streamline; tools such as natural language processing  and machine learning  also have tremendous potential for enhancing internal processes explained Andy Nam, Chief Information Officer, Standard Chartered Bank Korea Limited, Republic of Korea.

For Woochang Kim, Head, KAIST Center for Wealth Management Technologies/Managing Editor, Quantitative Finance, the value of AI lies with serving “regular people,” whom serving can otherwise be expensive. AI can help “providing the same services to normal people. It’s an unexplored market.” He explained

AI has much to offer in a field such as microfinance, where dealing with the unbanked can be time consuming. “AI can be made more efficient by technology that engages users and connects disparate data points,” explained Chris Czerwonka, Chief Innovation Officer, InvestED, USA. Crucially, AI can also provide local language interaction.

Humans and AI can co-work to achieve effective results, according to Andy Choi of the Republic of Korea’s MoneyBrain, who gave two examples where the AI can receive the message and, if not able to complete the request, humans can finalise it, or alternatively humans can take the call whilst AI analyses it at the same time to help find the optimal solution.

Challenges still abound

No doubt AI offers a great deal of promise but despite a lot of open source tools, more is needed to make it truly accessible, according to Ibaraki. Czerwonka warned of a digital divide: although we are still at a relatively early stage in terms of an AI curve, small enterprises also need access to unlock data sets.

A further challenge for start-ups, explained Czerwonka, is finding the right talent. In today’s lean start-up market, many new entrants might have great visions of implanting a supercharged vision of AI but to do this needs people ready and experienced to build out the technology, and affordably, as well as having some domain expertise too. AI itself may not be that “tough” but the fact that everything is interlinked, such as large data sets or an end to end ecosystem, makes the necessary skillset harder to find according to Nam.

There are also a host of ethical and legal challenges to solve – if AI makes a bad decision, for example, who should be held accountable? As these technologies evolve, so too will the regulatory concerns.

The road ahead

Ensuring people understand AI is crucial in order for it to advance and provide complete value, according to Czerwonka. People also need to understand and be prepared “If the switch goes off and you cannot use AI, you still have the processes and internal controls in place to advance business models.”

For companies starting up in AI, timing is key, but it is, according to Choi a good market to be in if you do it right. A sound strategy, structure, process are essential as a precursor to unleashing AI. AI will not substitute human collaboration, it will be in addition to it. As a precursor to launching AI, explained Czerwonka, it is prudent to make sure sound strategy, process and structure are in place in order to underpin AI. It’s a long journey, not a sprint, concluded Nam. But be sure to check reality, manage expectations and whatever you do, don’t give up!

Infrastructure, investment, innovation and inclusiveness are the four factors fundamental to ensuring universal access and advancing smart digital transformation, ITU Secretary-General Houlin Zhao reminded speakers at the first Ministerial Roundtable session at ITU Telecom World 2017. Unless we can provide connectivity for all, leaving no one behind, smart digital ecosystems will simply generate more exclusion.

No one should be excluded from the benefits of future developments, where new technologies such as the cloud, 5G, IoT and AI, are bringing “a paradigm shift not only in social and economic sectors, but across the lives of all citizens,” explained Chang Whan Ma, Deputy Minister, Ministry of Science and ICT, Korea. And it’s happening at pace we could never have anticipated: “The future we imagined is being realized faster than we predicted. Imagination is becoming reality with the help of cutting-edge services and applications.”

He outlined Korea’s policy efforts to support the transformation and development of the ICT sector and respond to the fourth industrial revolution, including creating an encouraging environment to nurture creativity and innovation, as well as establishing an industrial ecosystem spearheaded by SMEs. The ultimate aim of transformation is the creation of future-proof jobs based on new ICT technologies, economic revitalization and ongoing growth.

He stressed the importance of placing humans in the centre of future societies, sharing benefits without discrimination and implementing policy to ensure no one is left out of digital transformation.  Korea is committed to working together with other nations to share its knowledge and experiences, to address global agendas, and to move together towards a sustainable and inclusive society with global prosperity.

“Accelerating ICT development means enriching the future,” according to Jianjun Zhou, Vice President of Carrier Business BG, Huawei. “ICT is not just about technologies and the telecom industry, but also about society, the economy and all industries. ICT is not hype, it is the hyper energy of the economic and business revolution.”

There is no doubt of the significant contribution ICT makes to economic growth, productivity and people’s well-being in all markets throughout the world. Providing the necessary physical, human and policy resources necessary to connect people, homes, governments and enterprises is critical to development and human happiness. But given that more 3 billion people globally have no access to broadband connection, it is imperative that we act now, and act together, to address the digital gap.

Encouraging the enhanced investment so urgently required in emerging markets means establishing a lower-risk environment, offering faster returns on investment, and providing an enabling policy and regulatory environment, including innovative thinking on taxation and opening up infrastructure sites.

He urged all stakeholders to be proactive and collaborative in developing ICTs, innovative solutions and equipment to serve different scenarios in the best way possible, creating services that are “valuable but affordable” and addressing both supply and demand – a mobile government service, for example, should be accompanied by a programme to enhance digital awareness.

Echoing this call for cooperation across sectors and nations, Minette Libom Li Likeng, Minister of Posts and Telecommuncations of Cameroon, outlined her country’s ambition to become a technological leader and Central African hub by partnering with the private sector to raise the contribution of ICTs to the economy up to 10% by 2020, facilitating the creation of many new jobs.

Cameroon’s experience in digital content such as e-banking, e-health and e-agriculture, as well as good international connectivity, young population, and nascent culture of digital entrepreneurship offer much to prospective investors. Young people in Cameroon are already active and creative in the digital world, she continued, setting up startups even without an enabling framework. Cooperation from the ITU, investors and international partners is essential to increase the rate of transformation.

Digital transformation is driven by political will, the Minister noted, ensuring that collaboration happens within and across government departments, ministries and agencies, as well as with external private sector partners providing investment. Sharing knowledge and expertise across nations is also important, such as Korea’s help in establishing an e-procurement system for government in Cameroon.

“Some countries are ahead, some have done very well, but we cannot be left behind,” she continued, calling for further investment and assistance from those more advanced in the process of digital transformation.

The contrast between countries at different stages on the journey to transformation can be a source of inspiration and an opportunity to share good practice. In the words of Monchito Ibrahim, Under-Secretary, Department of Information and Communications, Philippines, “To be in a smart city as advanced as Busan is as good as time-travelling for us. It’s a benchmark of what could be possible, a yardstick for digital maturity.”

The challenge is in part one of making both government and people aware of the opportunities of ICTs, big data, and smart cities in the Philippines.  “The one and only way to a smart nation is a smart government that works as one with its citizens,” he said, outlining the need to set up reliable infrastructure for seamless data sharing across government, promote transparent e government and fragment the silos of government departments.

“The pace of technology waits for no one, but government can help make us ready for this brave new world, looking to learn from other countries for more reliable infrastructure and to build ICT-enabled sectors,” he continued. The IT sector excluding telecoms already contributes 8% of GDP, primarily through the services sector, a figure which will rise to 15% by 2022: how much bigger would the sector be if broadband connection was better?

For Elmir Tofig oglu Velizadeh, Deputy Minister, Ministry of Transport, Communications and High Technologies of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the crucial role of ICTs in changing individual lives and the economy is reflected in the huge investment made in infrastructure, cloud technology and services.  Azerbaijan uses technology in all areas of development, state, society and economy.

He echoed the importance of government as a key agent in driving digital transformation, and of sharing information in international fora such as this roundtable. “Government can speed up the process of ICT development with government initiatives and by creating a favourable environment for cooperation with the private sector, as well as by studying international best practice, forwarding important projects and sharing experience regionally.”

International collaboration is increasingly significant, given both the advent of radically transformative technologies such as AI, 5G, automation and IoT, and the need to avoid further deepening the digital divide between developed and developing nations.

Jailini Bin Johari, Deputy Minister of Communications and Multimedia in Malaysia, pointed out that disruption is, after all, nothing new. The transformation of the ICT sector which began some 20 years ago with liberalization has not stopped, but has continued on a journey through reform, convergence, new regulations, new licensing regimes, the arrival of the internet and restructuring. As broadband networks and the digital economy continue to grow, the process of transformation is unlikely to stop.

Policy-makers must be flexible and pragmatic as the ICT sector both transforms itself, and facilitates transformation in other sectors.  He shared Malaysia’s target of expanding broadband coverage to 95% of its geography, which will allow the internet economy to grow and new ideas to be exchanged, with ICTs representing 20% of the economy by 2020.

“We must facilitate international e commerce and internet-based innovation, continue to embrace the digital economy and connectivity, and address the widening digital divide,” he said, as well as introducing policy and regulatory approaches which are conducive to private sector investment in infrastructure, the development of affordable communication services and ensuring that consumers benefit from innovation.

As the largest market in South East Asia, the government of Indonesia is aiming for a digital market worth USD130 billion dollars by 2020, built in part by some 1 000 startups, explained Rudiantara, Minister of Communications and Information Technology.  Its priorities include reducing the cost of logistics in the archipelago, which is as much as 20% of national GDP; ensuring consumer protection; encouraging innovation; and a fair taxation policy in response to the move from a goods-based economy to a services-based one.

The challenge of ensuring connectivity has been met by the application of USO schemes, reducing internal bureaucracy, and encouraging private sector investment.  The main concerns of the country are customer service, rights and obligations for security and tax issues as new market entrants from overseas offer content and services over local networks. “The issue of the internet going beyond borders needs to be discussed at international level,” he added.

“The main priority of the government in Belarus is to ensure balanced economic growth to improve the quality of life of the nation’s people,“ stated H.E. Sergei Popkov, Minster of Communications and Informatization.

The ICT sector is recognized as the main driver of future economic growth and development, and “the development of the information society and effective digital transformation of the country are viewed as tasks of national importance,” requiring coordination and integration of state, businesses and civil society.

He added that Belarus has already achieved all Connect 2020 measures, and that by the end of 2018 all last mile infrastructure will be finished, meaning all residents of the country will have broadband internet access, enabling the government to provide a variety of ICT services for the population in the future.

Discussing 5G as the driving force of the digital ecosystem worldwide with representatives of all key stakeholders raised a number of fascinating issues as hard to pin down as 5G itself.

Sébastien Soriano, BEREC Chair and President, ARCEP, France, shared a uniquely European perspective as the chair of the body of regulators charged by the EU institution with harmonizing regulation across the continent – and repositioning Europe as a global leader in innovative technology. “5g is not just another technology: together with the IoT and AI, it is the innovation wave that Europe wants to surf to be in the tech scene,” he said.

This ultimately political mission is based on exploiting the continent’s innate diversity, enabling it to experiment with a variety of solutions in differing contexts. No one size fits all, as the familiar mantra of technology roll-out goes; but the ambitious aim of early network introduction in 2018 and the first large scale commercial deployment in 2020 calls for a common approach to spectrum, to finding smart solutions across a range of verticals beyond simply telecoms, and to creating a new legal framework for long-term investment. Competition, after all, should inspire investment rather than limiting it, as “we are not a low-cost continent, but one that invests, especially in 5G.”

Seeking to move away from the concept of 5G as simply the next technological step-change, Inmarsat’s Donna Bethea Murphy reminded the panel that we are on the edge of a revolution, rather than an evolution – and one with unpredictable results. There is no specific network business model or frequency band, rather a collaboration of multiple technologies, verticals, and bands, providing highly reliable, ubiquitous, high capacity for a multitude of use cases – but offering the end user a seamless experience, wherever they are.

Seamless connectivity means the user will be largely unaware of it as “all technologies, fixed, wireless, wifi, will work together, with satellite playing a key role in the 5G revolution to make sure the urban versus rural divide doesn’t get bigger” and that we end up with a smart society, not a collection of smart cities.

“Mobile is at the heart of the current transformation and at the heart of the future age of automation,” according to Andy Hudson, Head of Technology Policy, GSMA.  Connecting the 52% of the world’s population that is not yet online must be the first priority, through a mix of fast reliable network coverage, ensuring affordability, and developing both local content and digital literacy.  Digital lives are not, however, founded on technology alone. We need privacy, security and standards in the current 4G age, let alone as we move towards 5G and a world of immersive communication, VR, augmented reality and increasingly blurred line between the physical and the digital worlds.

Standards for 5G are important to ensure connectivity remains fluid and flexible in the new era of 5G networks, adapting to different applications and performances.  Ensuring international alignment on standards will involve governments and regulators working in close collaboration – and accelerating 5G will also mean agreeing on spectrum, creating a supportive investment environment and encouraging government to lead by example through digital services.

Broadly in agreement on the need for global 5G standards to support growth, Jan Färih, Vice President and Head of Standardization and Industry, Telefon AB – LM Ericsson, pointed out the need for systems and networks that perform well and meet the expectations of end users – as well as affordable, attractive devices, and compelling services and apps.

But the real technological challenge of 5G is second-guessing the future and building networks that can cope with a huge range of use cases, many of which are as yet unknown, ranging from massive sensor deployment to robotic steering and ultra-reliable communications. “We had to define a network that was flexible as we don’t really know which use cases will come up in the next ten years… it is key to take care of flexibility, in parallel to standards,” he said, emphasizing the extent to which 5G success will depend on flexible, multi-functional, systems and services offering high performance and adaptability to new industries and their requirements.

Infrastructure sharing improves the efficiency and effectiveness of mobile networks – and significantly reduces the cost of deployment, explained Wu Ma, General Manager, Operation and Development Department, China Tower Corporation. Improving reach and network coverage will be increasingly important as operators move from 4G to 5G, taking with them user expectations of speed, data volume, quality of service and mobility.

By sharing an infrastructure platform, the three leading Chinese mobile operators behind China Tower have freed up resources and operating costs to focus instead on handsets, services and markets. This approach works very well in the current 4G era, but will need to be extended to meet the needs of 5G: “We will try to look at other opportunities to reduce cost, such as street lamp posts across cities and small towers in urban areas to increase efficiency”, he explained, repeating the need to meet subscriber expectations in terms of experience and performance.

Soriano shared his understanding of 5G as “a protea form technology that can deliver a different class of services for different use cases and business cases”

Questions on investment and regulation were raised by the audience: where should the funding for the massive amounts of investment in next-generation networks come from, in an era of historically low ARPU?

For Andy Hudson, 5G is no different from any other infrastructure, in that investment will come as ever from mobile operators and government in one form or another, ideally within the framework of a supportive policy and regulatory environment. Wa pointed out the difficult balancing act telcos face between investing in the near future of 4G infrastructure and services whilst also planning for longer-term, cost-intensive 5G networks. Given the need for greater coverage and reduced distance between cells, much greater volumes of investment will be needed. New business models offering a great ROI should be explored, perhaps alongside innovations in subscriber management and applications billing. “The infrastructure needs to be ready for the business model, but we also need time and opportunity to explore 5G and look elsewhere in the world,” he said.

Soriano saw the need to be open to innovative ways of thinking on infrastructure, such as holders operating 5G services themselves. Telco investors have long had a very specific investment cycle to enable operators to keep growing, and with each technology advancement, revenue has decreased. It is ultimately down to the telcos to work out how to make money from 5G, rather than an issue for public bodies.

The regulatory challenges posed by 5G are as complex and unpredictable as the network itself. The beauty of 5G, its ability to slice the network and discriminate traffic, means different service providers can offer services tailored to specific customer use cases.  Soriano was clear that the end user must be free to choose the best services and applications – meaning the delicate question of net neutrality will be back on the table, with regulators adopting a case-by-case approach. Issues of transparency, quality of service, spectrum licensing and data protection will also fall to the regulator as 5G develops, as well as “rewarding innovation so that companies will take the initiative to build about infrastructure”, said Donna Murphy.

The complexity of regulating something as complex as 5G will make for a fascinating challenge, the panel agreed – and as for who should actually be responsible, well, that’s a topic for next time!

To a backdrop of high-speed luge, real-life ski jumps and figure-skating- and the background soundtrack from “Frozen”- the Korea Pavilion highlighted the state of the art technologies which will power the upcoming PyeongChang Winter Olympics, delivering a truly immersive experience for visitors. Technologies on show and to experience included 5G, AI, IoT, VR, UHD and UWV.

A VR ski jump simulator, constructed with a similar angle to an actual ski jump and using images based on a ski jump centre gave delegates a real-life experience of ski jumping. Delegates were also invited to join an interactive game copying cute Olympic mascot, Soohorang, as he skis, bobsleighs and prances his way round the world- even in 3D (no glasses even required!)

The IoT zone showcased an IoT luge performance analysis tool, which will be used to measure the tensions of athletes when they descend, by collecting heart rate data.

UHD (Ultra high definition) broadcasts will provide a viewing experience with 4 times the resolution of current terrestrial television, helping viewers capture the real adrenaline rush of winter sports. The UWV zone treated ITU Telecom World 2017 delegates to a spectacular wider angled (120-180 degrees) view of sporting events such as speed or figure skating, showing numerous UHD panoramic videos which have used stitching technology to converge videos, filmed separately using several cameras.

Multiple ‘time sliced’ cameras using 5G features will help track the position of fast-moving players, skaters, even a bobsleigh run, delivering a true winter sports experience and the chance to experience high-adrenaline sports even from the perspective of the competitors.

With only 5 months to go until the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics action gets underway, it’s clear that the innovatively used technologies showcased at ITU Telecom World 2017 will ensure that Olympics visitors will experience a cutting-edge ICT Olympics in 2018 too.

Entrepreneurs from countries around the world continued pitching their creative ideas and innovative solutions in the SME space at ITU Telecom World 2017. In the presence of H.E Rudiantara, Minister of Communication and Information Technology, Indonesia, the SMEs shortlisted for the prestigious ITU Telecom World Global SME Award pitched to a jury, comprising social entrepreneurship and tech experts.

Pitches spanned areas including drones, tech financing, location-based grocery shopping, multilingual robots, health monitoring, prenatal telemedicine, IoT-enabled poultry incubators, disaster recovery, face recognition and secure payment services, featuring:

Poland

• FlyTech UAV

Indonesia

• Kampung UKM Digital Belimbing
• Modalku
• Tukang Sayur

 

United States of America

• AKA Intelligence
• InvestED
• KonoLabs

Sudan

• Nile Centre for Technology Research

Azerbaijan

• Healthy Living Support

Japan

• Melody International

Benin

• Belle Imagerie
• BTech
• GO Incubator

China

• Shanghai Terjin Radio Technology co. ltd

Korea

• ESE co. ltd.
• Man Technology
• Neosecu
• Nexpay co.ltd.
• Opus One
• Rsupport co. ltd.
• Security Platform inc.
• Stealien

During each 10 minute pitch, SMEs were grilled by the jury on business and pricing models, competitive advantage, USP, competitors and projected revenues. You can find out who the ITU Telecom World Award winners are at the ITU Telecom World Awards Ceremony on 28 September!

Smart homes, smart metering, quantum cryptography and 5G powered autonomous vehicles were among the innovations showcased by SK telecom at ITU Telecom World 2017.

Delegates were invited to discover a Do IoT Yourself kit, an educational kit to help explore SK telecom’s IoT smart homes solutions, with controls for fans, lights and doors.

Smart metering applications showcased included digital water metering services to help improve flow rate, provide data usage patterns and prevent accidents from abnormal pressure, amongst other areas. Monitoring services showed delegates how IoT can enable a cleaner environment and air, through fine dust monitoring. CleanCUBE, a waste management solution, is a smart powered trash compactor, monitoring levels of trash in real time. Lost pets can be tracked via a special collar, which can run for up to 5 days.

SK telecom’s IoT services and applications are enabled over its LTE-M and LoRa -dedicated IoT- networks, with over 70 IoT services expected to be deployed commercially as of end 2017.

A showcase of the quantum cryptography system demonstrated encryption solutions, based on quantum principles and 10 Gbps encryption, including a quantum random number generator.

As we progress along the road to autonomous driving, delegates were able to explore a self-driving car- introduced by the virtual Jessica- with cameras in mirrors, sensors, radar sensor and NUGU maps, as well as watch a video of its recent (last Thursday’s) 26km test run, on the public roads.

It’s clear we can expect exciting innovations spanning different sectors and transforming our lives in a number of ways, from our smart homes to how we drive and even the air we breathe.

Representatives from KT, Nokia, Huawei joined together to discuss the huge potential for socio-economic development in terms of building and delivering personalized products and services, in the session sponsored by the host country, Republic of Korea’s Ministry of Science and ICT.

The 4th industrial revolution offers huge potential for socio-economic development in terms of building and delivering personalized products and services at scale, dramatically increasing productivity and revenue, and creating new business models, competitors and markets.

Hossein Moiin, Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer for Nokia Mobile Networks was optimistic that efficiency will be improved in the coming networks that enable the 4th industrial revolution. As he said, we could see a “30% productivity increase with ICT in all sectors by digitizing services.” While optimistic, he noted that investments are needed along with the right regulatory frameworks – to foster investments and ensure that the right resources are allocated.

“In the 4th industrial revolution, digitization is a must,” said Marcelo Motta, Digital Transformation and Big Data Market Management, VP of Marketing, Huawei Technologies. He discussed the ways that 5G is will allow faster speeds, enabling download of an 8G Byte movie in 6 seconds. He also alluded to the dramatic increase in connections per square kilometer. As he said, right now approximately there are 3-6 devices per person nowadays and, in the future, + 100 sensors per person with IoT.

Dongmyun Lee, CTO & Head of the Institute of Convergence Technology, KT Corporation discussed their plans for the upcoming 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang to premiere 5G and other new services, such as personalized viewing at the games. “Unlike current media experience, where we just view it. We want interactivity in services. You can choose the place and time you want to see in great detail…” he said. The old broadcast concept will be gone within several years. Personalized viewing will become more relevant. That is just one service that the revolution will enable.

In addition to new services, the 4th industrial revolution may dramatically change the way we manufacture, connect, analyse and operate, creating new opportunities and new business models in the years to come.

Mr. Veni Shone, Vice President of Wireless Solution from Huawei addressed the media at a press conference that outlined Huawei’s commitment to work with ITU to connect the unconnected.  Over 50 million families are using 4G and it is expected that 1 billion will connect through wireless broadband by 2030.  Huawei’s White Paper “4G Wireless Broadband Industry” gave insight into the initiatives that have impacted communities across the world.

ITU Telecom World is renowned as a place to collaborate and commit to future goals.  Today saw the landmark signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between the ITU and the CRMS of the Ministry of Science & ICT of the Republic of Korea on Space Radio Frequency Monitoring.  Mr. Francois Rancy signed on behalf of ITU and Mr. Moon, Director General of the CRMS signed on behalf of Rep. of Korea.